Kid’s Development: Language Skills By 24 Months

Toddler Talking On Phone

As I reflect on the last two years, I wonder what happen to the days, weeks, months as my granddaughter has grown. As she now approaches her second birthday, each day that I am with her is such a joy. Miley called the other night to say ‘Gamme, nigh, nigh’ and ‘lu u’. Now, as a grandmother, I know exactly what she’s trying to tell me. Afterwards, her mother informed me that she wouldn’t lie down until she had called me, that it was her own idea. A few nights later when it became time to leave, she said ‘No, Gamme house’ , and began to reach for me.  For the first time, she verbally voiced her desire to sleep over at my house instead of going home with her mother. Also, on the days we drive into town, Miley sings ‘The Wheels on the Bus’ all by herself.  Miley can speak and be understood about half the time(it’s the other half that leads to exasperation) and may even be able to carry on a (very) brief conversation….which leads to some not so pretty forms of expression, such as whining, screaming, or maybe even tantrums. All of this happening within a month of her second birthday has left me in awe of the developmental stages Miley progresses through at her age.

Children develop at their own pace, so it’s impossible to tell exactly when your child will learn a given skill. The following developmental milestones will give you a general idea of the changes you can expect by the time your child reaches 24 months:

  • she enjoys simple stories, rhymes, and songs, even to the point that they will try to hum or sing the song.
  • she uses 2-3 word sentences
  • she says names of toys
  • she enjoys looking at books,
  • she points to eyes, ears, or nose when asked
  • she repeats words, using 50 or more recognizable words appropriately
  • she is interested in learning how to use common items

We have read to Miley since she was born, knowing that the best way of promoting language development is through books. She enjoys watching me read books. Through watching you, and reading with your child, she quickly learns reading behavior, which is how books work: turning pages, following pictures, and print, etc.  The other day I discovered Miley ‘reading’ a book. She held the book appropriately, just a jabbering. I could only understand about every third word, but the book’s main character was a dog, and she repeated dog frequently. Miley had heard the story enough times that she was trying to retell it, practicing language development as well as cognitive skills.

Reading To Toddler

From age two and above, it is the most important age for speech development as your child begins to link two and three words to communicate his needs. Use fact and story books that reflects his everyday activities…for example… getting dressed, mealtime, bath time, bedtime, playtime, etc. are important to emphasize and introduce the idea of a sequence of events. There may be single line text, which describes the pictures … for example…under the bed, on the chair. This can help develop his vocabulary and understanding of positional words. Prints in his story books need to be large and bold. As he begins to speak, his vocabulary grows and becomes more fluent for slightly longer books, which may have a simple story… one that has a beginning, middle, and end. He can cope with a small number of characters. Pictures need to be large and colorful. Allow him to get actively involved in playing or reading books but always be gentle in handling them. If children would learn to value books at an early age, they can be successful through school and life.

As your child’s collection of books grows, provide a safe, easy accessible place for him to store his books. At two years of age, he is never too young to learn to properly place his books on bookshelves, in book totes, or whatever you may design for him to use.

Time To Read Revolving Bookshelf

One creative design of bookshelves, made by Levels of Discovery, revolve around, taking up very little space, but very user friendly. They come in many innovative designs and fun themes such as the Rock-It Spaceship Revolving Bookshelf or the Alphabet Soup Revolving Bookshelf. They provide easy accessibiliy for the toddler to take his books on and off the shelf. Other unique bookshelves made by Teamson Design Corp. feature carved hand painted shelving units such as the  Frog Bookcase.

Frog Bookcase

This frog themed bookcase features an all wood, three shelf unit sized for a toddlers room. But no matter what you use, as long as your child knows there is a special place for his books, and to always put them up when he finishes with them, your child learns not only language development, but responsibility.

 

How To Teach a Toddler To Talk

 

 

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Child Development: Potty Training

If you have a toddler between 18 and 24 months of age, you probably began to think about potty training at some point with a feeling of dread. Asking yourself the same questions, every other parent is asking. Reading, the same articles that pop up on the web through the search engines.  And finally, listening to all the suggestions parents, grandparents, family and friends have to offer. When you reach that point of initially beginning potty training, you realize that the process is between you and your precious child.

Most toddlers between the ages of 18 and 24 months are physically and mentally ready for potty training; although some children are not ready until 3 years of age or even 4. Your child will let you know through his physical, behavioral, and cognitive signs when he is ready to be potty trained, but you will need to make a plan to decide when to start, the steps you will take, how to handle accidents, and when to back up with less pressure. One of the first things you do in preparation for potty training is decide whether to use a potty chair or adapt the toilet seat for your little Princess. There are many styles of potty The Prince Potty Charichairs to delight your child as they learn the art of potty training. You will find unique designer potty chairs that entice the child, to chairs making music when the child successfully does their job. The many styles for your Prince or Princess’ potty chair might be all wooden hand painted with a cute design or all plastic in bright colors to a smaller cushion toilet seat to fit over the regular toilet. The final choice is up to you. 

Over the past several weeks, I noticed my granddaughter stopping and squatting at times, or reaching down to grab herself, showing an awareness of urinating. We began to talk about those times by giving ‘the feeling’ a name. I decided to bring home the Girls Potty Chair, with toilet paper holder and magazine rack, which will later convert to a rocking chair. Girl's Potty Chair I had the idea that as I modeled the use of the toilet, I would place my granddaughter, 19 months old, on her potty chair at the same time. I spent a little time talking with her about her new chair in the bathroom and we practiced using it without any results, which was okay; after all, this was only an introduction. But, consistency with the potty chair while she was visiting with me on my part fell to the wayside. We seem to always be on the go, with very little time to dedicate to the potty training process.         

One afternoon Miley became very quiet while playing with her toys. We all know this is a sign to investigate! I found her in the bathroom trying to use her potty chair all by herself. She had managed to pull her pants down, off one foot and struggling to pull the tab on her diaper. When she finally succeeded with the diaper, it was already wet. But she sat on her potty chair and began to clap for herself saying “Yea!!” She was so proud of herself. All this time, I had been hiding outside the bathroom door, sneaking peaks wishing for the camera. As I walked into the bathroom, she became even more excited with her accomplishment by showing me everything she had done. After we redressed her, she practiced putting her baby doll on and off the potty. She continues to play with her potty chair sitting on it herself, as well as her doll. Miley wants to do everything by herself, including dressing herself.

Through this creative playtime, Miley demonstrates her independence as well as shows signs of physically and behaviorally ready for potty training by removing her own clothing, maybe not quickly enough; but she definitely has determination. She knows when she needs to go to the bathroom; consequently, the cognitive signs are there. Also, she doesn’t like having a wet or dirty diaper anymore because she wants to change it as soon as necessary. After a few days of consistency with the same adult, I believe Miley could master the potty training process. At this time, she has too many caregivers on different days and nights for the regularity that she needs to be successful. When starting the potty training process, concentrate on daytime control; using a pull-up, or diaper, for nap and nighttime. Nighttime control usually comes about six months after daytime control.Child on Potty

Patience, perseverance, and respecting your child's abilities are all important for helping him or her to be toilet trained. Getting upset about an accident won’t accomplish any thing. Penalizing your toddler if she’s not interested in potty training, won’t sit on the potty, or has any of the other common problems kids have while potty training is futile. Setbacks are natural, and scolding will only make her less interested in training because she’ll be afraid any mistakes will upset you. If you can, respond to messes and other challenges calmly; and if you can’t, bite your tongue, count to ten, then try again.

The following video on You Tube grabs children's attention to teach them a song about learning to go Potty. Go Potty Go

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Kid’s Development: Shared Parenting

Kids Development: Shared Parenting

When two people decide their marriage is over, the hardest part is the effect on the children. Many couples stay together for the sake of the children; while others realize, for the child’s sake, separation is the only way; and then other couples never consider the children. They think only of their needs, expecting the children to survive. It is not the act of divorce itself but the process involved that determines its effects on children. The emotional impact of divorce on a child’s development in the early years of life can create problems in childhood, adolescence, and adult life. As the child matures, their personal and interpersonal behaviors are involved, such as:

  • The ability to create deep and enduring love relations
  • The strength to tolerate the imperfect satisfaction of personal needs
  • The attitudes and desire to cooperate with others
  • The motivation to learn and work

The paths these behaviors take are set in the early years of life by the quality of the attachment bond with both mother and father that are established during this time. (Dr. Peter Haiman) The ideal situation for any child is to live in a two-parent home where the parents love each other and the child. However, statistics show that a child in a happy single parent situation fares better that a child living in a home with constant fighting and bickering.

Separation Anxiety

Considerable evidence now documents that most infants form meaningful attachments to both of their parents at roughly the same age (birth to 7months). (Kelly & Lamb, 2000) This is true even though many fathers spend less time with their infants than mothers do. The infant may come to prefer the parent who takes primary responsibility, usually the mother, for their care; but this does not mean the relationship with the other parent is unimportant. A child may begin to develop separation anxiety (Separation Anxiety, 2010) which is a normal phase of development beginning with mobility at around 8 months and intensifying from 12 to 18 months. But with added turmoil or stress, the child may experience intense emotions when separated from either parent. They don’t understand the concept of time and don’t know when the parent will return, so there can be a lot of crying and resistance. To be separated feels like torture or a profound loss.  To get over their separation anxiety the child needs to:

  • Feel safe in their home environment
  • Trust people other than their parents
  • Trust that their parents will return (Separation Anxiety, 2010)

Infants and toddlers need to maintain contact with both parents on a regular basis. Extended separation from either parent is undesirable because it causes undue stress on developing attachment relationships. Both parents need to interact frequently with the daily routine care of the child (feeding, playing, diapering, soothing, putting to bed, bathing) to ensure that a strong relationship is developed and strengthened. If these relationships have been disrupted at this age, it is hard to develop parent-child relationship later in life. Instead, it is considerably better for all concerned to avoid such disruptions in the first place.

Overnights with the Nonresidential Parent

Kids Development: Shared Parenting

In the past child development research focused on preserving the mother-infant attachment within one home, while overnights with the father were forbidden or discouraged. Research today shows such recommendations did not take into account the child’s need to maintain and strengthen relationships with both parents after separation. A child thrives socially, emotionally, and cognitively if the caretaking arrangements are predictable and if both parents are sensitive to the child’s physical and developmental needs and emotionally available. (Kelly & Lamb, 2000) Staying overnight with the nonresidential parent provides crucial social interactions and nurturing activities, including bathing, soothing hurts, and anxieties, bedtime rituals, comforting in the middle of the night, and the reassurance and security of snuggling in the morning after awakening, that 1-2 hour visits can’t provide. If the child has his own bed and space in each home; he will feel more secure with a schedule that is predictable and managed without stress in each place. To be responsive to the toddler’s psychological needs, the parenting schedules adopted need to provide opportunities to interact with both parents every day or every other day in a congenial manner for the sake of the child. These everyday activities promote confidence in the parent while deepening the parent- child attachments. In addition, regardless of who’s the primary caregiver, a meaningful father-child relationship at this age may encourage fathers to remain involved in their children’s lives forever. The child will benefit from the extensive contact with both parents in their lives with shared parenting. Shared parenting is about co-parenting. (Edward Kruk, 2002) This means treating the other parent as an important part of your child’s life.  These experiences provide children with social, emotional, and cognitively stimulating experiences to succeed in their education, work, and personal relationships in life.

Dr. Peter Haiman, P. (n.d.). Protecting a Child’s Emotional Development When Parents Divorce. Retrieved July 5, 2010, from The Natural Child Project: http://www.naturalchild.org

Edward Kruk, P. (2002, March 5). Shared Parenting After Separation. Retrieved July 6, 2010, from Fathers for Life.com: http://fathersforlife.org/divorce/kruk20.htm

Kelly, J. B., & Lamb, M. E. (2000, July). Child Development Research to Make Appropriate Custody and Access Decisions for Young Children. Retrieved July 5, 2010, from Separted Parenting Access and Resource Center: http://deltabravo.net/custody/child_development

Separation Anxiety. (2010). Retrieved July 5, 2010, from Google Health: https://health.google.com/health/ref/Separation+anxiety

Separation Anxiety. (2010, July 5). Retrieved July 6, 2010, from Kids Health.org: http://kidshealth.org/parent/emotions/feelings/separation_anxiety.html#

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